PG TRB Zoology All Important Study Material and Question Paper Collection Download PDF.
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PG TRB Zoology Syllabus
Unit-I:
Classification Binomial Nomenclature – Invertebata and Chordata – Structure
and life history of pathegenic Protozon Entamoeba histoytica Plasmodium viva
P.Ovale P.Malariae P.falciparum, Trypanosoma gambiansi; and Leishmania
donovoni, Structure and life history of Helminth parasites; Taenia solium,
Fasciola hepattca Schistosoma Ascaris lumbricoides.
Structure and life history of Amphioxus Balanoglospus Ascidian and their
evolutionary significance, vertebrate comparative anatomy; Integument,
Brain; Heart and Urinogenital organe. Economically important vertebrates and
vertebrate pests. Fishery resources of India.
Unit-II:
Biological Chemistry – Structure of atom valencies molecular and structural
formula of biochemical compounds. Isomerism Oxidation and reduction. Redox
potential (Eh): RH Determination of EH and PH. Buffers Biologically
important properties of water. Energy metabolism of carbohydrates. Lipids
proteins and Nucleic Neids. Oxidative Physphorylation.
Role of major (Na, K, Ca and P) and minor (trace) elements in metabolism
enzymes, their nature, classification of enzymes Coenzymes and cofactors,
Mechanism of action of enzymes Inhibitions of enzyme actions.
Unit-III:
Collection of data-primary and secondary, Methods of Classification and
tabulation of data.
Diagramatic and graphic representation – Rules of constructing diagrams –
Types of diagrams – Bar diagram-Pie diagram, graphs-construction of graphs –
Types: Frequency distribution – Histograms – Frequency Polygon—Smooth
frequency curve-cumulative frequency curve of ‘Ogives’.Measures of central
value – Average-Median-Mode-Measures of dispersion-Mean
deviation-coefficient of variation-variance-Standard deviation and standard
error. Correlation Types – Methods of studying correlation co-efficient of
correlation – Regression analysis.
Statistical inference – Procedure of testing hopothesis – Standard error
test of significance for attributes – Test of significances for large and
small samples – Student ‘t’ distribution.
Unit-IV:
Cell and Molecular Biology – Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. Ultra
structure, Organisation and functions of cell membrane, Endoplasmic
reticulum, golgibody, Lysosome, Mitochondrion; Ribosome structure of DNA,
A,B,C and Z forms of D.N.A. Transcription – mRNA tRNA and rRNA and their
functions. Synthesis of eukeryotic RNAS Structure and functions of
nucleolus, D.N.A. replication D.N.A. repair, Microtubules cilia and flagella
carcinogenic agents, Genetic basis of malignant transformation.
Unit-V:
Genetics-Gene Interactions, Multiple alleles, Recombination and its
molecular mechanism. Linkage, crossing over, chromosome, mapping.
Cytoplasmic genes and their expression. Mitochrondial DNA its transcription
code and translation, Population genetics Genetic organisation of a
Mendelian population. Hardy-Weiberg Law. Derivation of Hardy – Weinberg
equilibrium.
Animal breeding and human genetics – Inbreeding outbreeding Heteriosis.
Expression of Eukaryotic genes in bacterial cells. Transfer of genes into
Eukaryotic cells. Genetic Engineering and its applications in Agriculture
Animal Husbandary and Medicine. Inborn errors of metabolism.
Unit-VI:
Physiology – Nutrition – Essential aminoacids, vitamins, minerals and Trace
elements required by men. Digestion, Digestive enzymes, digestion,
absorption and assimilation of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids.
Intermediary metabolism, Respiration – Transport of respiratory gases by
blood. Circulation: Types of heart.
Movement – Types of muscle cells, Ultra structure of muscle cells. Muscle
contraction and types of contraction. Osmo-iono regulation: Maintenance of
water and electrolyte Balance in equatic and terrestrial vertebrates.
Excretion: Vertebrate kidney and formation of urine. Excretion of
nitrogeneous products. Renal regulation of acid-base balance.
Thermoregulation: Temperature and rates of bio-logical activities.
Unit-VII:
Sensory physiology: Chemo-reception. Mechano-reception, Thermo-reception,
Photoreception. Nervous coordinations: Transmission of impulses in nerve
cells. Central Nervous system. Autonomic Nervous System. Memory and
learning, Chemical coordination: Endocrine glands and harmones. Endocrine
Interrelations. Neure endocrine reflexes. Growth and reproduction: Growth
moulting and metamorphesis in crustaceans, Insects and vertebrates.
Pheremones in reproduction. Physiology of human reproduction.
Developmental Biology and Immunology-Gametogensis – Organisation of egg
cytoplosm. Fertilisation-Biochemical and Electron-Microscopic studies,
Partherogenesis-Cleavage and Metphegenetic movements – Fate maps –
presumptive. Organ forming areas – Formation of Primary organ rudiments –
Gradients in the determination of organ rudiments – involvement of genes in
developmental process – General Metabolism during gastrulation – Integration
of gastrulation.
Organizer: Organegenesis with reference to heart, eye, brain and kidney.
Cell differentiation – The chemical basis of cell differentiation Selective
action of genes in differentiation – Control of differentiation by the
intraorganic environment.
Extra embroyonic membranes. Placenta-Sex differentiation and godadial
hormones, congenital abnormalities in humans Growth, aging and senescence.
Unit-VIII:
ANTIGEES AND ANTIBODIES – Specific and non-specific immune mechanism –
Immunity (innate and acquired) – Antigenes – Heptens – Antigenic
determinants – Adjuvants. Immunoglobulin molecules as antigenes – allotypes
Immune system and lymphoid organs. Macrophages – T-Cell and B Cell
Antibodies production Immune response: Humoral and cell mediated immunity –
regulation of immune response – Tolerance – Antigen and antibody reaction –
Physical and Biological – Vaccination – Allergy – AIDS – Congential
immunodeficiencies.
Environmental Biology – Biotic and abiotic factors of the environment
Biogeochemical Cycles – Eco System – Concepts. Resource Management –
Ecological energetics; energy transformation, productivity - food chain –
Food webs, Pyramids.
Unit-IX:
Zoogeography of Indian wild mammals. Indian primates – Natural Resources –
Conversation of natural resources and wild life (Protection) Act. Wild life
- Sancturies of Tamil Nadu. Environmental degradation - factors affecting
environment. Patterns of Behaviour – Instinctive and learning behaviour –
social behaviour – social organisation – Social behaviour in mammals –
Aggression and courtship.
EVOLUTION: Origin of life – Theories of evolution evidences for evolution –
Natural selection – Micro evolution – Hardy - Weinberg Equilibrium – genetic
draft. Speciation – Mechanism of speciation – Phyletic and sudden speciation
modes of gradual speciation – Incomplete species – Species problems –
Allopatric and sympatric speciation.
Unit-X:
Macro evolution: Geological records – Fessils and fessilization –
evolutionary trends – Parallel evolution – Progressive and retrogressive
trends – Rates of evolution.
Course of evolution: Chemical evolution – evolution of prokaryotic cells.
Speculative origin of Eukaryotic cells – Origin of Metazea. Primate and
Human Evolution – Human racial diversity – Theories of human racial origins
– Future evolution of man.
MAN AND BIOSPHERE - Man’s role in conservation of natural resources.
Biosphere. Human activities that modify the biosphere. Human resource
management. Tribals and biosphere. Future of man and biosphere.
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